Chinese geologist; excavated first calvaria from Zhoukoudian in 1929 (Sinanthropus pekinensis III), dated at almost 600 kya and associated with tool assemblages. In 1930, he undertook an extensive study of the artifacts recovered at Localities 1, 13 and

15. Pei was a leading figure in Chinese prehistory both before and after the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949, and later directed the exploration of many sites, including the Gigantopithecus horizon at Kwangsi. Aka Pei Wenchung.