Lack of MAOA, an
enzyme found in the outer membranes of
mitochondria and that normally catalyzes reactions that metabolize the
neurotransmitters dopamine,
serotonin, and
noradrenaline. Owing to one of several
mutations, affected individuals
process chemicals in wine, cheese, and certain
Chinese foods differently, increasing the
risk of
heart attacks. MAOA
deficiency is an X-linked
recessive. This controversial
syndrome has also been described as ‘borderline
mental impairment and
abnormal behavior’, with
familial aggregations of exhibitionism, voyeurism, and arson. Panic
disorder has also been linked to the MAOA
polymorphism (aka Brunner syndrome). A second
form of the
enzyme, MAOB, also exists.